Any management information processes include registration
procedures, data collection, transmission, storage, processing, delivery of
information and finally decision-making. Information technologies are realized
by different means and methods by which all above mentioned procedures are
implemented in various information systems.
History of the development of information technology can
be divided into several stages. The first stage is the manual technology for
collecting and processing information, which dominated the second half of the
XIX century. The main tools at the time were the pen, ink, and simple counting
devices and means of communications, which were presented in the form of
courier and postal services. At the end of the XIX century is a phase of
mechanical technology.
By this time, the creation of a phone has significantly
changed the technology of information processing and organizational structure
of enterprises. With the advent of electronic typewriters, copiers and
recorders in the 40- 60s XX century is a stage of electronic technology. Mass
production of computers in the 60s and their widespread penetration into all
spheres of activity are the beginning of a new computer information era.
Particular success this technology had from 70s when personal electronic
computers were created.
Modern tourism industry in recent years has undergone
very significant changes due to the introduction of new computer technologies. Successful
operation of any company in the market of tourism business is impossible
without the use of modern information technologies. Specificity of technology
development and implementation of such systems requires a tourist product,
which as soon as possible to provide information on the availability of
vehicles and opportunities for tourists, to provide quick backup and
reservations, as well as automation solutions supporting tasks in the provision
of tourist services (documents, as tickets, invoices, travel guides, software
calculated and reference information, etc.). This can be achieved through broad
use of modern computer technology tourism information processing and transmission.
The tourism industry is so diverse and multifaceted that
it requires the use of a wide variety of information technology, from the
development of specialized software tools that provide automation of private
tourist company or hotel, up to global computer networks. Currently formation
work product involves the use of global distribution systems GDS (Global
Distribution System), provides quick and convenient booking tickets.
Informational
technologies in tourism are the essential part of distribution process.
Nowadays new market in distribution procedure
appeared, it is e-marketing tactics, which are common to all travel
destinations. They use different website to promote the destination. For
example, DMO website, where consumers can access to all information. Another
point, which actively use modern technologies is emailing, by sending
newsletters the destination communicate sustainably, widely and cheaply.
Furthermore, some electronic ads on you tube
(video clips) contribute to destination’s promotion.
The last, but not the least
thing worth mentioning, is social media. This tactics is crucial because you
communicate directly to your customers and you also have a direct return from
them. This e-marketing tactics lead to e-reputation and may affect positively
or negatively the destination. Different destinations has Facebook, Twitter,
Pinterest, and LinkedIn pages and another accounts which provide updates,
promotional offers, etc. All those e-marketing tools help to promote
destinations by providing a large range of information for all kind of
consumers.
References:
3. http://fama2.us.es:8080/turismo/turismonet1/economia%20del%20turismo/turismo%20y%20nuevas%20tecnologias/e-commerce%20and%20travel%20tourism.pdf
Kateryna Sampara
& Laetitia Vartanian
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